Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
type: channel
description: The Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems (JSSMSS) is an international, open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to advancing knowledge in the fields of smart materials, sustainable composites, and structural systems. The journal serves as a multidisciplinary platform for scientists, engineers, academics, and industry practitioners involved in the design, innovation, development, and deployment of advanced materials and intelligent systems. This journal is hosted by Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology (MIMET), Jalan Pantai Remis Lumut Perak, Malaysia. JSSMSS is published by Open Horizon Global. The UNIKL MIMET commitment to genuine open access to scholarly content extends to authors as a service to the research community.
publisher: Open Horizon Global
language: en
publication name: Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
issn: 3083-3604
items: Failure Analysis of Follower Assembly in the 155mm Artillery Gun
items: Recent Advancements in Sugarcane Bagasse-based Composites for Sustainable Waste Utilization
items: Material Selection and Fiber Orientation Effects in Composite Overwrapped Steel Pipelines: A Numerical Study for Burst Pressure Enhancement
items: A Thermally Robust Porous Basalt Foam for Elevated-Temperature Acoustic Absorption
items: Sustainable Material Selection for Regional Australian Infrastructure
items: Effects of Infill Design and Nozzle Diameter on Tensile Performance of Eco-Friendly PLA
items: Recent Advancements, Trends and Future Prospects of Upper Limb Prosthesis through 3D printing- A Systematic Review
items: Patient-Worn Bracelet for Real-Time Heart Rate and SpO₂ Monitoring with Predictive Health Analysis in Hospital and Remote Settings
items: Toward Smart and Autonomous Surface Quality Prediction: A Review of AI-Driven Approaches
items: Enhancing Sustainability in Construction through Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA): Technological and Policy Perspectives
items: Design Simulation of Ultimate Loading Leg Jacket with Different Types of Bracing
items: Preliminary Finite Element Analysis on Fixed Offshore Platform Joints
items: Comparative Study on Structural Health Monitoring for Small Boat Using Fibre Bragg Grating
items: Shear Studs Effect on the Seismic Behavior of Steel Beam– Concrete-Filled Tube Column Connections
items: Temperature-Dependent Sound Absorption Characteristics of Perforated Porous Metamaterials
items: Catalyst Reuse in Biodiesel Production using Waste Cooking Oil for Energy Sustainability
items: Sustainable Macadamia Nutshell-Based Particulate Composites: Mechanical Performance and Application Potential in Structural Materials

Failure Analysis of Follower Assembly in the 155mm Artillery Gun
type: item
description: Abstract: The follower assembly is a critical component of the 155mm artillery gun, which acts as a safety lock for the trigger mechanism during firing and releases it effortlessly for recoiling. During the firepower mission, issues arose where the follower assembly part would constantly bend or become crooked. This resulted in the roller detaching itself from the assembly and, therefore, reducing the equipment's effectiveness and negatively disrupting the firepower mission. This failure could have major repercussions for both military operations and national defence capabilities. This study investigates the failures and subjects them to macroscopic inspection, metallographic examination, hardness testing, and fractography analysis. A close look at the microstructure showed the existence of three separate layers: an ultra-fine martensitic layer near the surface, a fine martensitic layer closer to the core, and a normal martensite layer covering the rest of the microstructure. The hardness profile also decreases from the near surface to the core of the follower (part of the follower assembly). An analysis using fractography showed small round or long dimples on the fracture surface. The analysis proved that the follower had an overload ductile fracture. The material of the follower is unknown, and a chemical composition analysis was conducted for re-engineering purposes, showing that its composition closely matches that of AISI 4340. The analysis concludes that the follower is a post-treated ductile material. The authors recommend optimising the heat treatment process to enhance its strength and toughness, along with several suggestions for future studies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Failure Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: artillery gun
  topic: keywords
subject: material testing and evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: fractography
  topic: keywords
creator: Jaronie Mohd Jani
creator: Amran M. Nayan
creator: Mohd Razif Idris
creator: Syed Roslee Sayd Bakar
creator: Mohd Yazid Ahmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-07-31
publication date: 2026-07-31
starting page: 104
ending page: 111
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.08

Recent Advancements in Sugarcane Bagasse-based Composites for Sustainable Waste Utilization
type: item
description: Sugarcane Bagasse (SB) composites have significant potential as a substitute for conventional materials due to their distinct properties, sustainability, and eco-friendly characteristics. This paper explores the utilization of SB waste in fabricating eco-friendly composite materials for sustainable industrial applications. Technological developments in the fabrication of composites using SB have led to significant enhancements in the mechanical performance, interfacial strength, and durability of these materials. Chemical treatments such as alkali treatment, silane treatment, and acetylation treatment of SB fibers play crucial role in bonding behavior of SB fiber with matrices. Nano- and micro-fillers have also been incorporated to improve the performance of SB-based composites through improved fiber-matrix interaction. Due to the unique properties, SB composites have gained attention in various industries, including construction industry, automobile industry, packaging industry, etc. The automotive sector could utilize SB bio-composites of interior parts contributing to energy reduced dependence on conventional plastic materials. SB-based bioplastics could serve as a substitute for traditional plastics that is biodegradable in the packaging industry to help solve problems related to waste plastic. The continuous development of SB composites indicates a promising future in which SB could become an excellent choice for producing sustainable materials, contributing to the circular economy. However, more systematic research is needed to properly integrate SB-based composites in various advanced applications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sugarcane Bagasse-based Composites
  topic: keywords
subject: Manufacturing Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Chemical Treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Mechanical Properties
  topic: keywords
subject: Circular Economy
  topic: keywords
creator: Md Mahadi Hassan Parvez
creator: Md Arifuzzaman
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-06-17
publication date: 2026-06-17
starting page: 91
ending page: 103
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.07

Material Selection and Fiber Orientation Effects in Composite Overwrapped Steel Pipelines: A Numerical Study for Burst Pressure Enhancement
type: item
description: This study establishes a validated finite element framework for optimizing the burst capacity of petroleum-grade steel pipelines reinforced with composite overwraps. Addressing the limitations of classical netting analysis, the research develops a coupled ANSYS Mechanical and ACP workflow to systematically evaluate the influence of fiber orientation on structural integrity. The methodology first validates the static structural approach against Barlow’s equation using a thin-walled baseline (100 mm diameter, 3 mm wall), yielding a numerical failure pressure of 15.75 MPa against an analytical prediction of 13.8 MPa. Upon validation, the framework is scaled to a production-grade geometry (168.3 mm diameter, 7.1 mm wall) to execute a parametric sweep of winding angles (25 to 90 degrees) across four material systems: Epoxy E-Glass Wet, S-Glass UD, Carbon UD (230 GPa), and Woven Carbon. The results reveal a critical divergence in failure mechanics governed by fiber topology. Unidirectional systems (Carbon, S-Glass, E-Glass) consistently exhibit a "helical advantage," achieving maximum burst pressure at 25 degrees—with Carbon UD peaking at 51.24 MPa—due to superior shear stiffening and axial confinement. Conversely, Woven Carbon displays a unique recovery trend, maximizing performance at 90 degrees (49.15 MPa) where its bidirectional architecture effectively balances hoop stresses. These findings provide a reproducible "angle–performance map" for field engineers, demonstrating that while low-angle helical wraps are optimal for high-modulus tapes, hoop-dominant configurations are required for woven fabrics, thereby refining design guidelines for in-situ pipeline rehabilitation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Composite Overwrap
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite Element Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Fiber Orientation
  topic: keywords
subject: Burst Pressure
  topic: keywords
subject: Material Selection
  topic: keywords
subject: Pipeline Repair
  topic: keywords
creator: Samudra Jit Saha
creator: Marufa Akter
creator: Nowreen Jahan
creator: Sayma Islam
creator: Abid Chowdhury
creator: Md. Abdus Shabur
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-05-20
publication date: 2026-05-20
starting page: 61
ending page: 74
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.05

A Thermally Robust Porous Basalt Foam for Elevated-Temperature Acoustic Absorption
type: item
description: High-temperature sound absorbers are required for thermally severe environments where acoustic attenuation must remain effective during heat exposure. Here, a porous Basalt Foam (BF) was fabricated through Tween 80-assisted fiber dispersion, sodium silicate-mediated local bonding, layer-by-layer assembly, and controlled compaction. The resulting foam combined low bulk density, high porosity, localized binder bonding, and an interconnected fibrous pore network. Direct flame exposure showed localized heating followed by rapid cooling, while the foam retained its structural integrity. SEM analysis confirmed that sodium silicate mainly formed local joints at fiber-fiber contact points without blocking the open porous framework. Acoustic testing using an impedance tube showed that sound absorption was strongly dependent on frequency, thickness, and temperature. The 25 mm BF maintained effective absorption at 100, 300, and 500 °C, while the 50 mm BF showed strong absorption at 200, 400, and 600 °C. Thicker samples provided broader and more stable absorption due to longer acoustic pathways and enhanced viscous/thermal dissipation within the tortuous fiber network. Compression testing further confirmed structural integrity, with partial recovery after large deformation. Overall, the developed BF offers a simple, lightweight, inorganic, and thermally robust porous architecture for high-temperature noise-control applications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Basalt fiber foam
  topic: keywords
subject: Elevated-temperature acoustics
  topic: keywords
subject: Porous sound absorber
  topic: keywords
subject: Multifunctional insulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Thermal resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Flame-resistant materials
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Imran
creator: Hongjun Fan
creator: Tenglong Xu
creator: Xiaobing Cai
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-06-09
publication date: 2026-06-09
starting page: 75
ending page: 90
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.06

Sustainable Material Selection for Regional Australian Infrastructure
type: item
description: As infrastructure development accelerates globally, engineers are increasingly required to balance structural performance, cost, and environmental responsibility in material selection. This study evaluates the sustainability of conventional and alternative infrastructure materials using a lifecycle-based multi-criteria framework. Reinforced concrete pipe (RCP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe were compared for stormwater systems, while conventional asphalt was evaluated against asphalt incorporating recycled glass aggregate for pavements. A weighted Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model was implemented under three decision scenarios: (i) sustainability-led control (aligned with SDGs 11 and 12), (ii) current engineer priorities, and (iii) developer priorities. For stormwater applications, RCP achieved overall preference scores of approximately 83% (control), 67% (engineer), and 65% (developer), consistently outperforming HDPE. For pavements, asphalt with recycled glass aggregate achieved preference scores of 57% (control), 77% (engineer), and 76% (developer). All AHP matrices satisfied the consistency requirement (CR ≤ 0.10). The findings demonstrate that newer materials are not inherently superior and that material preference is highly sensitive to stakeholder weighting structures. The study highlights the importance of transparent, scenario-based multi-criteria evaluation for sustainable infrastructure decision-making in the Australian context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sustainable infrastructure
  topic: keywords
subject: reinforced concrete pipe
  topic: keywords
subject: HDPE
  topic: keywords
subject: Asphalt
  topic: keywords
subject: glass aggregate
  topic: keywords
subject: lifecycle analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: AHP
  topic: keywords
subject: carbon emissions
  topic: keywords
creator: Blake Turner
creator: Md Mainul Islam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-04-13
publication date: 2026-04-13
starting page: 49
ending page: 60
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.04

Effects of Infill Design and Nozzle Diameter on Tensile Performance of Eco-Friendly PLA
type: item
description: This study investigates the combined effect of nozzle diameter (0.2–0.8 mm) and infill pattern (rectilinear vs. concentric) on the tensile performance and production efficiency of eco-friendly PLA components fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Forty ISO 527-2 Type 1A specimens were printed using a Bambu Lab A1 mini printer and tested for ultimate tensile strength (Rm), elongation at break (εb), and print time. Results indicate that nozzle diameters of 0.4–0.6 mm combined with concentric infill deliver the highest mechanical performance, achieving tensile strengths of 45–55 MPa and elongation superior to rectilinear infill by 10–15%. Increasing nozzle diameter from 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm reduces printing time by up to 80–85%, with only an ~11% decrease in tensile strength, highlighting a favorable strength-to-time trade-off for rapid prototyping and small-series manufacturing. These findings provide practical guidelines for optimizing FDM parameters to enhance sustainability, reduce energy consumption, and support circular economy principles in additive manufacturing.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: FDM
  topic: keywords
subject: PLA
  topic: keywords
subject: eco-friendly biopolymer
  topic: keywords
subject: infill pattern
  topic: keywords
subject: nozzle diameter
  topic: keywords
subject: tensile strength
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable manufacturing
  topic: keywords
creator: Mateusz Setera
creator: Michał Furgała
creator: Michał Rosowicz
creator: Jędrzej Blaut
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2025-12-31
publication date: 2025-12-31
starting page: 88
ending page: 93
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.09

Recent Advancements, Trends and Future Prospects of Upper Limb Prosthesis through 3D printing- A Systematic Review
type: item
description: New opportunities for personalised, functional, and affordable rehabilitation interventions have been made possible through the use of smart technologies in the design of prosthetic limbs. Prosthetic devices have had customisation and affordability revolutionised by 3D printing, but the integration of additive manufacturing with embedded sensors and adaptive control systems is still an emerging and exciting discipline. Conceptualization, development, and integration of embedded sensors for real-time evaluation, biomechanical feedback, and user-controlled algorithms are the subject of this review paper, which systematically explores the state-of-the-art of smart 3D-printed prosthetics. Important technologies augmenting prosthesis performance and user experience, including force and pressure sensors, electromyography (EMG) interfaces, inertial measurement units (IMUs), and soft robotics, are elaborated. For the creation of fully intelligent prosthetic systems, the article addresses major gaps that should be filled and identifies current developments and technical hurdles in the areas of biocompatibility, computational signaling, strength, and power management. The article concludes by pointing out that cross-disciplinary collaboration among materials science, biomedical engineering, robotics, and artificial intelligence is necessary to develop fully integrated, autonomous, and low-cost smart prostheses. Furthermore, the review highlights sustainability-driven advantages of 3D-printed prosthetics, including material efficiency, recyclability of thermoplastics, low-power sensing architectures, and environmentally responsible, low-cost manufacturing pathways.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Upper limb prosthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D printing
  topic: keywords
subject: Additive manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Myoelectric control
  topic: keywords
subject: Electromyography (EMG)
  topic: keywords
subject: Sensor integration
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart prosthetics
  topic: keywords
creator: Hrittik Mural
creator: Imtiaz Ahmed Choudhury
creator: Md. Ragib Abid
creator: Sajal Chandra Banik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 23
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.01

Patient-Worn Bracelet for Real-Time Heart Rate and SpO₂ Monitoring with Predictive Health Analysis in Hospital and Remote Settings
type: item
description: This study presents a wearable health monitoring system designed as a smart structural system that integrates mechanical design, and embedded sensing to continuously track heart rate and SpO₂ levels in real time. The need for such a system arises from the growing demand for accessible healthcare, particularly for individuals with limited access to regular medical check-ups. Hospitals face challenges in providing timely care due to overwhelming workloads when staff are responsible for monitoring many patients. This system addresses that issue by offering a tool that facilitates more efficient patient monitoring through intelligent material-structure integration. The system integrates a MAX30102 sensor with an ESP32-C3 Xiao microcontroller and uses fuzzy logic algorithms to classify health conditions, such as Normal or Hypoxemia, in real time. Data is wirelessly transmitted from the sensor to a mobile application using Bluetooth BLE and is then stored in a Firebase database for easy access by healthcare professionals. The mobile application provides healthcare providers with immediate access to the latest health data, allowing them to take action if needed. Testing demonstrated successful real-time data transmission with classification accuracy of health status categories. The system reduces the physical effort required by healthcare staff to check on patients individually, offering a more efficient method of monitoring. Energy efficiency analysis shows optimized power consumption enabling extended battery life suitable for continuous monitoring. This study represents a practical and sustainable solution for enhancing healthcare delivery by allowing for remote monitoring of patients and improving workflow in medical settings. The system is designed with scalability and sustainability in mind, incorporating recyclable materials and modular components that facilitate future upgrades or sensor additions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Wearable Health Monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart Structural Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Flexible Materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Real-Time Tracking
  topic: keywords
subject: Fuzzy Logic
  topic: keywords
subject: Bluetooth BLE
  topic: keywords
subject: SpO₂ Monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: ESP32 Microcontroller
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Waiz Rifqy Bin Abd Razid
creator: Muhd Khairulzaman Abdul Kadir
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 39
ending page: 48
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.03

Toward Smart and Autonomous Surface Quality Prediction: A Review of AI-Driven Approaches
type: item
description: As precision manufacturing evolves toward Industry 4.0, the transition from retrospective inspection to real-time Surface Quality Prediction (SQP) has become a critical requirement for autonomous process control. This study presents a systematic review and critical synthesis of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven SQP methodologies across machining, grinding, and finishing operations. Using a mixed-method framework combining bibliometric mapping with qualitative content analysis, 38 seminal studies were evaluated to classify current approaches into parameter-based, signal-based, and hybrid architectures. The comparative analysis reveals that hybrid models, which fuse static machining parameters with dynamic multi-sensor feedback, consistently outperform single-source techniques, achieving determination coefficients (R²) exceeding 0.90 and reducing root-mean-squared error (RMSE) to below 10%. Furthermore, the integration of physics-aware features was found to improve prediction accuracy by 25–30%, while transfer learning strategies demonstrated the capacity to reduce training data requirements by approximately 60%, effectively mitigating data scarcity in high-mix production environments. Despite these advances, barriers regarding model explainability, computational latency, and data heterogeneity persist. Consequently, this paper proposes a unified framework that converges process physics, data-driven modeling, and digital twin technologies, establishing a theoretical basis for interpretable, scalable, and sustainable precision manufacturing ecosystems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Surface Quality Prediction
  topic: keywords
subject: Precision Manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Transfer Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart Manufacturing
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdus Shabur
creator: Md. Jisan Mahmud
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 71
ending page: 87
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.08

Enhancing Sustainability in Construction through Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA): Technological and Policy Perspectives
type: item
description: In the context of the circular economy, the incorporation of construction and demolition (C&D) waste as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) offers a crucial chance to promote sustainability in the building industry. This research investigates the technological, financial, and environmental effects of using construction and demolition waste as RCA in the manufacturing of concrete. The potential of RCA to lessen landfill usage, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and lessen dependency on natural aggregates is highlighted. The study examines life cycle assessment (LCA) measures, performance features of RCA-based concrete, and existing practices. The results show that although RCA could have worse mechanical qualities than virgin aggregates, these impacts can be reduced with the right processing and mix design changes. Additionally, by encouraging resource efficiency, waste reduction, and material reuse, RCA supports the tenets of the circular economy. In order to effectively reap the benefits of recycling construction and demolition waste in sustainable construction practices, this study emphasises the necessity of updated standards, legislative support, and industry collaboration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Recycled Concrete Aggregate
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable construction
  topic: keywords
subject: circular economy
  topic: keywords
subject: demolition waste
  topic: keywords
subject: mix design
  topic: keywords
subject: policy frameworks
  topic: keywords
subject: lifecycle assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Manvendra Verma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 66
ending page: 70
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.07

Design Simulation of Ultimate Loading Leg Jacket with Different Types of Bracing
type: item
description: The structural performance of fixed offshore jacket platforms is strongly governed by the configuration of their bracing systems, which control global stiffness, load transfer mechanisms, and member utilization. This study presents a comparative linear static analysis of four common jacket bracing configurations—X-bracing, V-bracing, K-bracing, and diagonal bracing—under operational and extreme storm loading conditions. Numerical simulations were performed using the Structural Analysis Computer System (SACS), incorporating realistic geometric parameters, boundary conditions, gravity loads, and environmental actions in accordance with offshore design practice. Key performance indicators evaluated include the total number of structural members, axial stress distribution along elevation, and unity check (UC) ratios for structural safety assessment. The results indicate that X-bracing provides superior load redistribution and consistently lower UC ratios across critical elevations, reflecting higher structural efficiency and redundancy. In contrast, V- and diagonal bracing systems exhibit higher member utilization, particularly at lower elevations, due to less effective load paths. The findings demonstrate that appropriate bracing selection can enhance structural efficiency while reducing material demand, supporting sustainable design strategies for offshore jacket platforms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Offshore jacket platform
  topic: keywords
subject: Bracing configuration
  topic: keywords
subject: Structural optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable offshore structures
  topic: keywords
creator: Zulzamri Bin Salleh
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2026-04-07
publication date: 2026-04-07
starting page: 24
ending page: 38
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2026.02.02

Preliminary Finite Element Analysis on Fixed Offshore Platform Joints
type: item
description: This study investigates the structural integrity of a fixed offshore platform using finite element analysis (FEA) to compare the stresses acting on the jacket joints to withstand gravity and environmental loads at two elevation levels with the equivalent static loads (ESLs) method. The three-dimensional CAD model is precisely designed with AutoCAD software and then analysed with FEA PTC Creo software for accurate numerical analysis and stress forecasting. Material selection follows API guidelines, considering necessary properties for the analysis such as Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, and thermal expansion coefficient. The static stress analysis indicates that the structural steel joints exhibit elastic behaviour and are well below their yield and ultimate tensile strength limits. The displacement and strain values offer details about the platform's deformation characteristics. Comparisons between elevations above and below the sea level reveal variations in stress distribution and provide valuable insights for designing and optimising fixed offshore platforms to improve their reliability.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: FEA
  topic: keywords
subject: CAD
  topic: keywords
subject: SACS
  topic: keywords
subject: Jacket Joints
  topic: keywords
subject: Marine Engineering
  topic: keywords
creator: Jaronie M. Jani
creator: Muhammad Akmal Azhari Mustafa
creator: Zulzamri Salleh
creator: Ahmad Zawawi Jamaluddin
creator: Atzrolnizam Abu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 47
ending page: 55
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.05

Comparative Study on Structural Health Monitoring for Small Boat Using Fibre Bragg Grating
type: item
description: The marine sector increasingly requires safer and more efficient vessels, especially small boats used in critical operations. This study explores the use of Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in a small aluminum boat. FBG sensors were chosen for their high sensitivity, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and capability to provide real-time strain measurements. Nine FBG sensors were installed at key structural locations on the boat. Data obtained from Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was compared with real-time sensor readings to evaluate correlation and validate the SHM approach. Findings show that FBG sensors effectively capture structural behavior, particularly in high-strain areas such as the midship. The integration of simulation and sensor-based monitoring enables proactive maintenance, enhances safety, and extends the vessel’s operational lifespan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Structural Health Monitoring
  topic: keywords
subject: Fibre Bragg Grating
  topic: keywords
subject: Small Boat
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite Element Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Z. Salleh
creator: M.A.A. Zullastri
creator: Jaronie M. Jani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-12-08
publication date: 2025-12-08
starting page: 56
ending page: 65
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.06

Shear Studs Effect on the Seismic Behavior of Steel Beam– Concrete-Filled Tube Column Connections
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the geometrical shape of the shear studs of steel-concrete composite column on the structural behavior of the steel beam to column connection. The effect of the desired parameter on the force-displacement curve, strain energy, internal energy, and the amount of plastic dissipated energy is investigated. In this research, 19 models were developed in ABAQUS finite element software using L-shaped, U-shaped and T-shaped shear studs. The results show that by increasing the parameters such as the stiffness and shear resistance of the steel-concrete composite column system, their bearing capacity increases. Finally, force-displacement interaction diagrams have been developed for steel-concrete composite columns. The results showed that the use of a U-shaped shear stud can increase the column tolerated forces by 295%. Also, the most increases are related to models with U-shaped studs, and then models with L-shaped studs, in which the forces have increased by 233%. The most increase in displacement belongs to U-shaped studs, which showed a 52% increase in displacement capacity of the connection.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Shear stud
  topic: keywords
subject: Composite column filled with concrete
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite element
  topic: keywords
subject: Connection
  topic: keywords
subject: Force-displacement curve
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohsen Alikhani
creator: Shahin Borzoo
creator: Saeed Najafi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-11-12
publication date: 2025-11-12
starting page: 32
ending page: 46
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.04

Temperature-Dependent Sound Absorption Characteristics of Perforated Porous Metamaterials
type: item
description: Recent studies have demonstrated that sound absorption performance can be improved by constructing macroscopic perforations on a porous material matrix. In this paper, the temperature-dependent sound absorption characteristics of three different perforated porous materials (PPMs) with cylindrical (C-PPM), normal conical (NC-PPM) and reverse conical (RC-PPM) perforations are comparatively studied. We used a double porosity theoretical model to study the high-temperature sound absorption of these PPMs and validated it by numerical simulations. The sound absorption mechanism and temperature effect are revealed by the numerical distributions of sound pressure, sound energy dissipation density and sound intensity flow. The results show that the PPMs exhibit better sound absorption than porous material matrix (PMM), especially at low frequencies. This is attributed to the pressure diffusion effect of PPMs, and this effect is enhanced by high temperatures. Furthermore, the three PPMs have sound absorption peaks in different frequency ranges, but high temperatures delay their appearance. Finally, we discussed the effects of perforated shape, perforated size and material properties on sound absorption and identified their optimal values.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Porous material
  topic: keywords
subject: Perforation
  topic: keywords
subject: Sound absorption
  topic: keywords
subject: Temperature effect
  topic: keywords
creator: Xiaozhen Li
creator: Xiaobing Cai
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-11-05
publication date: 2025-11-05
starting page: 15
ending page: 31
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.03

Catalyst Reuse in Biodiesel Production using Waste Cooking Oil for Energy Sustainability
type: item
description: The most important results of these studies demonstrate Amberlite 62i's effectiveness in making energy processes more sustainable. It is traditionally used for water treatment, but also exhibits significant catalytic activity in biodiesel production, making it a versatile material for achieving energy sustainability. This dual-use approach reduces the need for additional catalysts and lowers the overall environmental footprint of biodiesel production, enhancing resource efficiency. The transesterification reaction was carried out between WCO and methanol at molar ratio of 6:1, using Amberlite 62i as the catalyst at loading of 10 wt%. Reactions were conducted at various temperatures (50, 55, 60, and 65 OC) and stirring speeds (100, 200, 300, and 400 rpm) using magnetic stirrer for 120 minutes. Catalyst reusability was assessed based on the condition that yielded the highest conversion, and the catalyst was reused for four consecutive cycles. The highest conversion of 84% was achieved at 300 rpm and 65 OC. Notably, the catalyst demonstrated consistent performance in four cycles, resulting in biodiesel conversion rates above 63% without the need for further treatment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biodiesel
  topic: keywords
subject: catalyst
  topic: keywords
subject: reuse catalyst
  topic: keywords
subject: energy
  topic: keywords
subject: WCO
  topic: keywords
creator: Vikram Alexander
creator: Muhammad Syukri
creator: Busrizal Faisal Bustami
creator: Abdullah K Alanazi
creator: Farid Wijaya
creator: Anggara Dwita Burmana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-10-17
publication date: 2025-10-17
starting page: 9
ending page: 14
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.02

Sustainable Macadamia Nutshell-Based Particulate Composites: Mechanical Performance and Application Potential in Structural Materials
type: item
description: Growing environmental concerns and the global shift toward circular economy practices have accelerated research into bio-composites derived from agricultural by-products. This study presents an initial systematic investigation of ground macadamia nutshell (MNS)-based particulate composites reinforced with epoxy and vinyl ester resins. The effects of filler content (5-30 wt.%) on mechanical performance were evaluated through compressive, tensile, flexural and SEM analyses. Results reveal that composites containing 10-20 wt.% MNS exhibit optimal strength-to-weight ratios, with flexural strength improvements of up to 15% compared to neat resins. Comparative analysis highlights the unique advantages of macadamia nutshells, high density, hardness, and availability as agro-waste, over other natural fillers. These findings demonstrate that MNS composites are not only environmentally sustainable but also mechanically competitive with conventional timber and synthetic composites, offering scalable potential for eco-construction, green building, and structural applications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Macadamia nutshells
  topic: keywords
subject: bio-composites
  topic: keywords
subject: particulate composites
  topic: keywords
subject: epoxy resin
  topic: keywords
subject: vinyl ester resin
  topic: keywords
subject: mechanical performance
  topic: keywords
subject: structural composites
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable materials
  topic: keywords
creator: Md Mainul Islam
creator: Rajesh Reddy Bode
creator: Sanjay Shrestha Dumaru
creator: Onkar Deep Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Sustainable Smart Materials and Structural Systems
date: 2025-09-24
publication date: 2025-09-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.65904/3083-3604.2025.01.01